The Netflix TechBlog

APRIL 27, 2023

Engineers want their alerting system to be realtime, reliable, and actionable. A few years ago, we were paged by our SRE team due to our Metrics Alerting System falling behind — critical application health alerts reached engineers 45 minutes late! In other words, false positives are bad but false negatives are the absolute worst!

Storage 288

Storage Cache Metrics Database 288

ACM Sigarch

MARCH 25, 2019

Part 1 previously discussed Bottleneck Analysis and Little’s Law, while this post (Part 2) presents the M/M/1 Queue. It also presented Bottleneck Analysis and Little’s Law that can give initial answers to questions like: What is the maximum throughput through several subsystems in series and parallel? and 1/S as ?.

Systems 53

Systems Latency Performance C++ 53

Dynatrace

APRIL 25, 2023

Observability is essential to ensure the reliability, security and quality of any software system. Higher latency and cold start issues due to the initialization time of the functions. Observability is typically achieved by collecting three types of data from a system, metrics, logs and traces.

Serverless 210

Serverless Lambda Azure AWS 210

Sutter's Mill

FEBRUARY 12, 2024

Presented by Alfasoft. Because “high-performance low-latency” is kind of C++’s bailiwick, and because it’s my course, you’ll be unsurprised to learn that the topics and code focus on C++ and include coverage of modern C++17/20/23 features.

C++ 40

C++ Latency Code Technology 40

Scalegrid

DECEMBER 14, 2023

For example, if there’s some trouble connecting due to networking problems or excessive load requests from customers present on the server’s side, that might result in a resolution-related delay causing a subsequent timeout problem.

Java 130

Java Network Servers Database 130

The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 4, 2019

Because microprocessors are so fast, computer architecture design has evolved towards adding various levels of caching between compute units and the main memory, in order to hide the latency of bringing the bits to the brains. This avoids thrashing caches too much for B and evens out the pressure on the L3 caches of the machine.

Cache 251

Cache Latency Airlines Logistics 251

Brendan Gregg

JULY 4, 2021

This was a chance to talk about other things I've been working on, such as the present and future of hardware performance. I also wrote about these topics in detail for my recent [Systems Performance 2nd Edition] book. Note that my predictions in this talk may be wrong, but they should be thought provoking. Ford, et al., “TCP

Performance 140

Performance Latency Hardware Storage 140

Dynatrace

FEBRUARY 4, 2021

Site reliability engineering (SRE) is the practice of applying software engineering principles to operations and infrastructure processes to help organizations create highly reliable and scalable software systems. SRE applies DevOps principles to developing systems and software that help increase site reliability and performance.

Engineering 178

Engineering DevOps Government Latency 178

Adrian Cockcroft

JANUARY 29, 2023

There is no way to model how much more traffic you can send to that system before it exceeds it’s SLA. This is unfortunate, because we’d really like to be able to build systems that have an SLA that we can share with the consumers of our interfaces, and be able to measure how well we are doing.

Lambda 98

Lambda Latency Cache C++ 98

ACM Sigarch

MAY 31, 2023

Introduction Memory systems are evolving into heterogeneous and composable architectures. Heterogeneous and Composable Memory (HCM) offers a feasible solution for terabyte- or petabyte-scale systems, addressing the performance and efficiency demands of emerging big-data applications. The recently announced CXL3.0

Latency 52

Latency Hardware Cache Architecture 52

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 4, 2024

In this blog post, we present our project on Auto Remediation, which integrates the currently used rule-based classifier with an ML service and aims to automatically remediate failed jobs without human intervention. Upon further profiling, we found that most of the latency came from the candidate generated step (i.e.,

Tuning 210

Tuning Efficiency Big Data Engineering 210

John McCalpin

DECEMBER 6, 2016

The Xeon Phi x200 (Knights Landing) has a lot of modes of operation (selected at boot time), and the latency and bandwidth characteristics are slightly different for each mode. This reduces the number of “hops” required for request/response/coherence messages on the mesh, and should reduce both latency and contention.

Latency 40

Latency Cache Testing Systems 40

The Netflix TechBlog

AUGUST 30, 2021

System Setup Architecture The following diagram summarizes the architecture description: Figure 1: Event-sourcing architecture of the Device Management Platform. Fault Tolerance If the underlying KafkaConsumer crashes due to ephemeral system or network events, it should be automatically restarted. million elements.

Latency 213

Latency Traffic Transportation Hardware 213

Brendan Gregg

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

This talk originated from my updates to [Systems Performance 2nd Edition], and this was the first time I've given this talk in person! CXL in a way allows a custom memory controller to be added to a system, to increase memory capacity, bandwidth, and overall performance. Ford, et al., “TCP

Performance 110

Performance Latency Cache Virtualization 110

Scalegrid

FEBRUARY 8, 2024

A distributed storage system is foundational in today’s data-driven landscape, ensuring data spread over multiple servers is reliable, accessible, and manageable. This guide delves into how these systems work, the challenges they solve, and their essential role in businesses and technology.

Storage 130

Storage Systems Big Data Azure 130

Percona

NOVEMBER 2, 2023

MongoDB is a dynamic database system continually evolving to deliver optimized performance, robust security, and limitless scalability. Improved performance : MongoDB continually fine-tunes its database engine, resulting in faster query execution and reduced latency. Ready to supercharge your MongoDB experience?

Best Practices 86

Best Practices Hardware Tuning Scalability 86

Brendan Gregg

JULY 2, 2021

This is also applicable for people adding it to their own in-house monitoring systems. You likely already have agents running on all your customer systems. There are so many options it's really your own preference based on your existing system and customer environments. biolatency Disk I/O latency histogram heat map.

Latency 145

Latency Cache Energy Systems 145

Brendan Gregg

JULY 4, 2021

This was a chance to talk about other things I've been working on, such as the present and future of hardware performance. I also wrote about these topics in detail for my recent [Systems Performance 2nd Edition] book. Note that my predictions in this talk may be wrong, but they should be thought-provoking. Ford, et al., “TCP

Performance 52

Performance Latency Hardware Storage 52

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 22, 2019

4:45pm-5:45pm NFX 202 A day in the life of a Netflix Engineer Dave Hahn , SRE Engineering Manager Abstract : Netflix is a large, ever-changing ecosystem serving millions of customers across the globe through cloud-based systems and a globally distributed CDN. We explore all the systems necessary to make and stream content from Netflix.

AWS 100

AWS Entertainment Open Source Benchmarking 100

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 22, 2019

4:45pm-5:45pm NFX 202 A day in the life of a Netflix Engineer Dave Hahn , SRE Engineering Manager Abstract : Netflix is a large, ever-changing ecosystem serving millions of customers across the globe through cloud-based systems and a globally distributed CDN. We explore all the systems necessary to make and stream content from Netflix.

AWS 100

AWS Entertainment Open Source Benchmarking 100

Speed Curve

FEBRUARY 5, 2024

Latency – How much time does it take to deliver a packet from A to B. Today, it's possible to add these headers from your CDN with ease, if they aren't already set up out of the box. Key things to understand from your CDN Cache Hit/Cache Miss – Was the resource served from the edge, or did the request have to go to origin?

Servers 57

Servers Cache Retail Benchmarking 57

Brendan Gregg

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

This talk originated from my updates to Systems Performance 2nd Edition , and this was the first time I've given this talk in person! CXL in a way allows a custom memory controller to be added to a system, to increase memory capacity, bandwidth, and overall performance. Ford, et al., “TCP

Performance 52

Performance Latency Cache Virtualization 52

The Morning Paper

NOVEMBER 24, 2019

This paper was published at OOPSLA, but perhaps it’s amongst the distributed systems community that I expect there to be the greatest interest. The paper sets the discussion in the context of geo-replicated distributed systems, but of course the same mechanisms could be equally useful in the context of local-first applications.

Strategy 104

Strategy Latency Systems Processing 104

The Morning Paper

JUNE 13, 2019

HotOS’19 is presenting me with something of a problem as there are so many interesting looking papers in the proceedings this year it’s going to be hard to cover them all! Perhaps inspired by serverless in spirit and in terminology, the path forward proposed in this paper is towards a managed and model-less inference serving system.

Hardware 58

Hardware Latency Serverless Energy 58

Brendan Gregg

AUGUST 29, 2021

1072-aws (xxx) 12/18/2018 _x86_64_ (16 CPU) avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 5.03 avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 14.81 avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 14.86 avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 14.95 avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 14.54

Cache 105

Cache C++ AWS Latency 105

Percona

MAY 2, 2023

The answer does not consider the queue or latency of the sample, which could indicate a disk with issues. A MySQL DBA is responsible for maintaining, securing, and optimizing MySQL database systems, which involves a range of complex tasks and decision-making processes that require human expertise and experience.

Social Media 121

Social Media Database Servers Cache 121

Dotcom-Montior

DECEMBER 8, 2021

Systems, web applications, servers, devices, etc., SREs and DevOps teams can use these incidents to build back better and improve their systems and services. Now that we have talked about what an incident is, incident management is the process by which teams resolve these events and bring systems and services back to normal operation.

Social Media 90

Social Media Monitoring Latency DevOps 90

cdemi

JUNE 10, 2017

In distributed computer systems, Byzantine Fault Tolerance is a characteristic of a system that tolerates the class of failures known as the Byzantine Generals' Problem ; for which there is an unsolvability proof. Simply put, a Byzantine Fault is a fault that presents different symptoms to different observers. Atomic Broadcasts.

Blockchain 62

Blockchain Latency Systems C++ 62

The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 13, 2023

This is where large-scale system migrations come into play. Our previous blog post presented replay traffic testing — a crucial instrument in our toolkit that allows us to implement these transformations with precision and reliability. Canaries and sticky canaries are valuable tools in the system migration process.

Traffic 279

Traffic Metrics Systems Strategy 279

Smashing Magazine

AUGUST 20, 2021

Jamstack CMS: The Past, The Present and The Future. Jamstack CMS: The Past, The Present and The Future. During the 90s, we saw two content management systems for static sites — Microsoft FrontPage in 1996 and Macromedia Dreamweaver in 1997. Drupal has a rich and extendable permission system. Mike Neumegen.

Ecommerce 139

Ecommerce Website Government Internet 139

Scalegrid

DECEMBER 21, 2023

Identifying key Redis® metrics such as latency, CPU usage, and memory metrics is crucial for effective Redis monitoring. With these essential support systems in place, you can effectively monitor your databases with up-to-date data about their health and functioning status at all times.

Strategy 130

Strategy Monitoring Latency DevOps 130

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 3, 2022

In the time since it was first presented as an advanced Mesos framework, Titus has transparently evolved from being built on top of Mesos to Kubernetes, handling an ever-increasing volume of containers. As the number of Titus users increased over the years, the load and pressure on the system increased substantially.

Cache 224

Cache Latency Traffic Systems 224

Brendan Gregg

JULY 2, 2021

This is also applicable for people adding it to their own in-house monitoring systems. You likely already have agents running on all your customer systems. There are so many options it's really your own preference based on your existing system and customer environments. biolatency Disk I/O latency histogram heat map 5.

Open Source 40

Open Source Latency Cache Energy 40

CSS - Tricks

JULY 25, 2019

Lighthouse records metrics from the browser, applies a scoring model to them, and presents an overall performance score. Estimated Input Latency. Estimated Input Latency. To successfully uncover significant differences in user experience, we suggest using a performance monitoring system (like Calibre !) In PageSpeed 5.0,

Google 71

Google Engineering Speed Mobile 71

Brendan Gregg

AUGUST 29, 2021

1072-aws (xxx) 12/18/2018 _x86_64_ (16 CPU) avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 5.03 avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 14.81 avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 14.86 avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 14.95 avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 14.54

Cache 40

Cache C++ AWS Systems 40

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 2, 2020

Edgar helps Netflix teams troubleshoot distributed systems efficiently with the help of a summarized presentation of request tracing, logs, analysis, and metadata. The more complex a system, the more places to look for clues. In an earlier blog post, we discussed Telltale , our health monitoring system. What is Edgar?

Latency 296

Latency Transportation Engineering Traffic 296

The Netflix TechBlog

JANUARY 10, 2024

This architecture shift greatly reduced the processing latency and increased system resiliency. By integrating with studio content systems, we enabled the pipeline to leverage rich metadata from the creative side and create more engaging member experiences like interactive storytelling.

Processing 229

Processing Media Latency Innovation 229