The Netflix TechBlog

JANUARY 10, 2024

The Netflix video processing pipeline went live with the launch of our streaming service in 2007. This architecture shift greatly reduced the processing latency and increased system resiliency. For example, in Reloaded the video quality calculation was implemented inside the video encoder module.

Processing 229

Processing Media Latency Innovation 229

The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 4, 2019

When you’re running in the cloud your containers are in a shared space; in particular they share the CPU’s memory hierarchy of the host instance. These applications range from critical low-latency services powering our customer-facing video streaming service, to batch jobs for encoding or machine learning.

Cache 251

Cache Latency Airlines Logistics 251

High Scalability

DECEMBER 7, 2018

It's HighScalability time: This is your 1500ms latency in real life situations - pic.twitter.com/guot8khIPX. Know anyone looking for a simple book explaining the cloud? book: Explain the Cloud Like I'm 10. — Ivo Mägi (@ivomagi) November 27, 2018. Do you like this sort of Stuff? Please support me on Patreon.

Internet 163

Internet Internet Scalability Blockchain 163

Brendan Gregg

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

The video is now on YouTube : The slides are online and as a PDF : first prev next last / permalink/zoom In Q&A I was asked about CXL (compute express link) which was fortunate as I had planned to cover it and then forgot, so the question let me talk about it (although Q&A is missing from the video). Ford, et al., “TCP

Performance 52

Performance Latency Cache Virtualization 52

All Things Distributed

SEPTEMBER 29, 2016

Based in the Paris area, the region will provide even lower latency and will allow users who want to store their content in datacenters in France to easily do so. Since we opened the first AWS EU Region in Ireland in November 2007, we have seen an acceleration of companies adopting the AWS Cloud.

AWS 166

AWS IoT Internet Internet 166

The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 19, 2020

Investigating a video streaming failure consists of inspecting all aspects of a member account. If we had an ID for each streaming session then distributed tracing could easily reconstruct session failure by providing service topology, retry and error tags, and latency measurements for all service calls.

Infrastructure 233

Infrastructure Transportation Storage Open Source 233

Brendan Gregg

JULY 4, 2021

It's an exciting time for developments in computer performance, not just for the BPF technology (which I often [write about]) but also for processors with 3D stacking and cloud vendor CPUs (e.g., Ford, et al., “TCP on Upcoming Sapphire Rapids CPUs,” [link] Oct 2020 - [Liu 20] Linda Liu, “Samsung QVO vs EVO vs PRO: What’s the Difference?

Performance 52

Performance Latency Hardware Storage 52

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 24, 2021

After content ingestion, inspection and encoding, the packaging step encapsulates encoded video and audio in codec agnostic container formats and provides features such as audio video synchronization, random access and DRM protection. Packaging has always been an important step in media processing. is 220 Mbps.

Cloud 237

Cloud Media Storage Cache 237

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 2, 2021

Moorthy and Zhi Li Introduction Measuring video quality at scale is an essential component of the Netflix streaming pipeline. Perceptual quality measurements are used to drive video encoding optimizations , perform video codec comparisons , carry out A/B testing and optimize streaming QoE decisions to mention a few.

Media 171

Media Innovation Metrics Latency 171

Adrian Cockcroft

MAY 6, 2023

This is only one of many microservices that make up the Prime Video application. A real-time user experience analytics engine for live video, that looked at all users rather than a subsample. His first edition in 2015 was foundational, and he updated it in 2021 with a second edition. Finally, what were they building?

Serverless 145

Serverless Lambda Best Practices Traffic 145

O'Reilly

DECEMBER 2, 2019

I don’t need more bandwidth for video conferences or movies, but I would like to be able to download operating system updates and other large items in seconds rather than minutes. There are impressive estimates for latency for 5G, but reality has a tendency to be harsh on such predictions. At a gigabit, you don’t have to think twice.

Wireless 53

Wireless Serverless IoT Artificial Intelligence 53

VoltDB

JUNE 1, 2017

Private Clouds made of commodity hardware are perceived as the logical solution to this problem. In this case, what’s needed from a private cloud is lots of lightweight copies of what a production environment looks like, with heavy sharing of physical hardware. Latency Optimizers” – need support for very large federated deployments.

Hardware 56

Hardware Latency Virtualization Cloud 56

All Things Distributed

SEPTEMBER 5, 2013

Meanwhile, mobile app developers have shown that they care a lot about getting to market quickly, the ability to easily scale their app from 100 users to 1 million users on day 1, and the extreme low latency database performance that is crucial to ensure a great end-user experience.

Big Data 98

Big Data Mobile Latency Database 98

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 1, 2021

It supports both high throughput services that consume hundreds of thousands of CPUs at a time, and latency-sensitive workloads where humans are waiting for the results of a computation. In the diagram below of a typical Cosmos service, clients send requests to a Video encoder service API layer. debian packages).

Serverless 228

Serverless Media Latency Social Media 228

Dynatrace

JANUARY 13, 2022

Providing insight into the service latency to help developers identify poorly performing code. For example, RUM is often used to measure latency, and the relationship between longer latencies and user disengagement is well documented. Want to learn more? Link RUM business objectives to technical goals.

Monitoring 176

Monitoring Latency Mobile Best Practices 176

Dynatrace

JANUARY 26, 2021

VMware commercialized the idea of virtual machines, and cloud providers embraced the same concept with services like Amazon EC2, Google Compute, and Azure virtual machines. Serverless computing is a cloud-based, on-demand execution model where customers consume resources solely based on their application usage.

Serverless 242

Serverless Efficiency Lambda Azure 242

Dynatrace

DECEMBER 22, 2019

AWS offers a broad set of global, cloud-based services including computing, storage, networking, Internet of Things (IoT), and many others. Therefore, the ability to view a real-time map of your applications, services, and cloud resources is key to your success. Amazon Kinesis Video Streams. Dynatrace news. Amazon Redshift.

AWS 135

AWS Metrics IoT Storage 135

Dynatrace

DECEMBER 22, 2019

AWS offers a broad set of global, cloud-based services including computing, storage, networking, Internet of Things (IoT), and many others. Therefore, the ability to view a real-time map of your applications, services, and cloud resources is key to your success. Amazon Kinesis Video Streams. Dynatrace news. Amazon Redshift.

AWS 132

AWS Metrics IoT Storage 132

The Netflix TechBlog

APRIL 26, 2022

Figure 1: Netflix ML Architecture Fact: A fact is data about our members or videos. An example of data about members is the video they had watched or added to their My List. An example of video data is video metadata, like the length of a video. Time is a critical component of Axion?—?When

Storage 187

Storage Design Scalability Latency 187

ACM Sigarch

DECEMBER 6, 2018

Each of these categories opens up challenging problems in AI/visual algorithms, high-density computing, bandwidth/latency, distributed systems. One such example is activity recognition in motion video (such as LRCN , Convnets ) which may entail running combinations of both convolutional as well as recurrent neural networks simultaneously.

Wireless 54

Wireless IoT Analytics Architecture 54

The Morning Paper

JULY 4, 2019

Netflix’s system is deployed on the public cloud as complex set of interacting microservices. Two failure modes we focus on are a service becoming slower (increase in response latency) or a service failing outright (returning errors).

Latency 77

Latency Engineering Metrics Traffic 77

The Morning Paper

SEPTEMBER 10, 2019

That’s hard for many reasons, including the differing trade-offs between throughput and latency that need to be made across the use cases. to understand YouTube video performance) drive tens of thousands of canned (known in advance) queries per second, that need to be served with latency in the tens of milliseconds.

Analytics 75

Analytics Latency Cache Google 75

O'Reilly

JULY 20, 2021

There may be multiple people in the room during a video call, not just the person you are calling. But when a new baby comes home, being able to do video calling with close relatives may become a higher priority. This is why people have made a business out of setting up home stereo and video systems. People can walk in and out.

Google 121

Google Games Technology Technology 121

Dotcom-Montior

MAY 12, 2020

Network latency. Network Latency. With the evolution of cloud technologies, such as Single Page Applications (SPAs), Web APIs, and Model View Controller (MVC), network latency has become a crucial factor to be monitored. Network latency can be affected due to. Connection time. Database connectivity. Wi-Fi usage.

Monitoring 63

Monitoring Entertainment Hardware Latency 63

Sutter's Mill

JUNE 21, 2012

In the twilight of Moore’s Law, the transitions to multicore processors, GPU computing, and HaaS cloud computing are not separate trends, but aspects of a single trend—mainstream computers from desktops to ‘smartphones’ are being permanently transformed into heterogeneous supercomputer clusters.

Latency 40

Latency Transportation Hardware Education 40

All Things Distributed

OCTOBER 12, 2016

Three years ago, as part of our AWS Fast Data journey we introduced Amazon ElastiCache for Redis , a fully managed in-memory data store that operates at sub-millisecond latency. This allows for faster failover times while minimizing latency. Building upon Redis. Redis and Fast Data. Redis and Fast Data.

Scalability 130

Scalability Analytics Cache AWS 130

All Things Distributed

DECEMBER 12, 2013

We launched DynamoDB last year to address the need for a cloud database that provides seamless scalability, irrespective of whether you are doing ten transactions or ten million transactions, while providing rock solid durability and availability. Now you can run queries on any item attributes (columns) in your DynamoDB table.

Games 130

Games Scalability Database Retail 130

All Things Distributed

MARCH 11, 2016

One of the most important mechanisms we provided was to offer customers a collection of primitives and tools, where they could pick and choose their preferred way to engage with the AWS cloud, instead of only providing one framework that they are forced to use, which includes everything and the kitchen sink. The importance of the network.

AWS 144

AWS Hardware Retail Virtualization 144

All Things Distributed

OCTOBER 2, 2017

" Of course, no technology change happens in isolation, and at the same time NoSQL was evolving, so was cloud computing. The requirements for a fully hosted cloud database service needed to be at an even higher bar than what we had set for our Amazon internal system.

Internet 128

Internet Internet AWS Performance 128

Smashing Magazine

AUGUST 20, 2021

Fast-forward 30 years, and website technology has changed significantly — we have images, stylesheets, JavaScript, streaming video, AJAX, animation, WebSockets, WebGL, rounded corners in CSS — the list goes on. While it looks unassuming, it laid the foundation for the web we have today.

Ecommerce 139

Ecommerce Website Government Internet 139

Brendan Gregg

SEPTEMBER 5, 2017

. ## Observability Here's the big picture of performance observability tools on Linux, from my [Linux performance] page, where I also have diagrams for other tool types, as well as videos and slides of prior Linux performance talks: I also have a USE Method: Linux Performance Checklist , as a different way to navigate and apply the tools.

Virtualization 76

Virtualization AWS Engineering Hardware 76

All Things Distributed

AUGUST 20, 2015

Social media apps navigate relationships between friends, photos, videos, pages, and followers. When using relational databases, traversing relationships requires expensive table JOIN operations, causing significantly increased latency as table size and query complexity grow. Enter graph databases.

Database 134

Database Logistics Availability Social Media 134

High Scalability

JANUARY 24, 2019

Need cloud? Stand under Explain the Cloud Like I'm 10 (35 nearly 5 star reviews). TServerless : We sat with a solution architect, apparently they are aware of the latency issue and suggested to ditch api gw and build our own solution. It's HighScalability time: My god, it's full of synapses! ( 3D map of a fly's brain ).

Internet 29

Internet Internet Scalability Games 29

Dotcom-Montior

MARCH 6, 2022

Users can also watch the actual URL loading video in the browser window. It’s important to mention that within the Dotcom Monitor platform there is a feature that a user can watch the actual URL loading video in the browser window (shown below). Waiting time. The time captured by the server to produce a response.

Performance 52

Performance Cache Website Speed 52

Dotcom-Montior

MAY 6, 2020

Users can also watch the actual URL loading video in the browser window. It’s important to mention that within the Dotcom Monitor platform there is a feature that a user can watch the actual URL loading video in the browser window (shown below). Optimizing Web Performance by Understanding Waterfall Charts. Waiting time.

Performance 53

Performance Cache Website Speed 53

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 6, 2019

Mounting object storage in Netflix’s media processing platform By Barak Alon (on behalf of Netflix’s Media Cloud Engineering team) MezzFS (short for “Mezzanine File System”) is a tool we’ve developed at Netflix that mounts cloud objects as local files via FUSE. Encoding is not a one-time process?—?large We have one file?

Media 214

Media Storage Processing Cache 214

Smashing Magazine

SEPTEMBER 29, 2021

However, you should ideally replace such images with videos. AVIF is the image version of the popular AV1 video format. The goal was to develop a new open-source video coding format that is both state-of-the-art and royalty-free. Animation support may be required for some images on the web (e.g., AVIF Benefits.

Open Source 144

Open Source Speed Website Google 144