The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 4, 2019

Because microprocessors are so fast, computer architecture design has evolved towards adding various levels of caching between compute units and the main memory, in order to hide the latency of bringing the bits to the brains. As an illustrative example, let’s consider a toy instance of 16 hyperthreads.

Cache 251

Cache Latency Airlines Logistics 251

The Netflix TechBlog

AUGUST 30, 2021

Complementing the hardware is the software on the RAE and in the cloud, and bridging the software on both ends is a bi-directional control plane. For example, when running tests, the state of the device will change from “available for testing” to “in test.” In this blog post, we will focus on the latter feature set.

Latency 213

Latency Traffic Transportation Hardware 213

CSS Wizardry

AUGUST 7, 2019

The first—and often most surprising for people to learn—thing that I want to draw your attention to is that TTFB counts one whole round trip of latency. The reason is because mobile networks are, as a rule, high latency connections. For example, request collapsing , edge-side includes , etc.). But what else is TTFB?

Latency 269

Latency Ecommerce Servers Mobile 269

The Morning Paper

OCTOBER 4, 2020

We are standing on the eve of the 5G era… 5G, as a monumental shift in cellular communication technology, holds tremendous potential for spurring innovations across many vertical industries, with its promised multi-Gbps speed, sub-10 ms low latency, and massive connectivity. The first 5G networks are now deployed and operational.

Energy 130

Energy Latency Performance Network 130

The Morning Paper

NOVEMBER 15, 2020

Today’s paper choice is a wonderful example of pushing the state of the art on a single server. An IDS/IPS monitors network flows and matches incoming packets (or more strictly, Protocol Data Units, PDUs) against a set of rules. This makes the whole system latency sensitive. IDS/IPS requirements. MPSM: First things first.

Servers 128

Servers Hardware Latency Design 128

Dotcom-Montior

NOVEMBER 24, 2021

There was a time when standing up a website or application was simple and straightforward and not the complex networks they are today. Ok, so maybe that is an oversimplified example, but you get the point. In this type of network, workloads are distributed across hundreds or thousands of different machines. Peer-to-Peer.

Systems 74

Systems Monitoring Hardware Network 74

VoltDB

JUNE 19, 2017

Unfortunately, this means that the age-old Telco bugbears will rear their ugly heads again, including latency. 5G, as a fundamental requirement, mandates a 1 millisecond latency from the datasource to its destination. This requires 1 ms network latency. These have to communicate with each other.

Latency 40

Latency Retail Virtualization Hardware 40

VoltDB

JUNE 19, 2017

Unfortunately, this means that the age-old Telco bugbears will rear their ugly heads again, including latency. 5G, as a fundamental requirement, mandates a 1 millisecond latency from the datasource to its destination. This requires 1 ms network latency. These have to communicate with each other.

Latency 40

Latency Retail Virtualization Hardware 40

The Morning Paper

MAY 19, 2019

Last week we learned about the [increased tail-latency sensitivity of microservices based applications with high RPC fan-outs. Seer uses estimates of queue depths to mitigate latency spikes on the order of 10-100ms, in conjunction with a cluster manager. So what we have here is a glimpse of the limits for low-latency RPCs under load.

Latency 80

Latency Hardware Network Architecture 80

Percona

NOVEMBER 9, 2023

Kubernetes manages and orchestrates these containers, handling tasks such as deployment, scaling, load balancing, and networking. Your workloads, encapsulated in containers, can be deployed freely across different clouds or your own hardware. have adopted Kubernetes.

Efficiency 105

Efficiency Cloud Healthcare Open Source 105

Dynatrace

SEPTEMBER 30, 2021

It requires purchasing, powering, and configuring physical hardware, training and retaining the staff capable of servicing and securing the machines, operating a data center, and so on. They need enough hardware to serve their anticipated volume and keep things running smoothly without buying too much or too little. Reduced cost.

Cloud 165

Cloud Traffic Best Practices Strategy 165

The Morning Paper

JANUARY 30, 2020

Edge servers are the middle ground – more compute power than a mobile device, but with latency of just a few ms. The kind of edge server envisaged here might, for example, be integrated with your WiFi access point. One example from the paper is an application using the ammo.js Why would we want to live migrate web workers?

Mobile 104

Mobile Cloud Latency Games 104

Dotcom-Montior

MAY 12, 2020

Network or connection error. Network latency. Hardware resources. Network Latency. With the evolution of cloud technologies, such as Single Page Applications (SPAs), Web APIs, and Model View Controller (MVC), network latency has become a crucial factor to be monitored. Hardware Resources.

Monitoring 63

Monitoring Entertainment Hardware Latency 63

Scalegrid

APRIL 16, 2020

This is why our BYOC pricing is less than our Dedicated Hosting pricing, as the costs listed for BYOC are only what you pay for ScaleGrid and don’t include your hardware costs. Let’s walk through an example: Database: MySQL. Deploying your application and database on the same VPC also provides the lowest possible latency path.

Cloud 242

Cloud Azure AWS Database 242

HammerDB

OCTOBER 23, 2023

HammerDB has always used stored procedures as a design decision because the original benchmark was implemented as close as possible to the example workload in the TPC-C specification that uses stored procedures. As an example from the TPC-C specification, this is the Stock Level procedure. On MySQL, we saw a 1.5X performance advantage.

Benchmarking 62

Benchmarking Database Network C++ 62

Percona

JUNE 22, 2023

Let’s dive in and learn how (and what) to effectively monitor MySQL performance, along with examples from PMM, by understanding the critical KPIs to watch for. This is not an exhaustive list but an example of what we can watch for.

Performance 106

Performance Monitoring Traffic Database 106

Alex Russell

JANUARY 30, 2024

It's time once again to update our priors regarding the global device and network situation. HTML, CSS, images, and fonts can all be parsed and run at near wire speeds on low-end hardware, but JavaScript is at least three times more expensive, byte-for-byte. What's changed since last year? and 75KiB of JavaScript.

Performance 90

Performance Network Mobile Speed 90

The Morning Paper

JUNE 13, 2019

As we saw with the SOAP paper last time out, even with a fixed model variant and hardware there are a lot of different ways to map a training workload over the available hardware. The following figure highlights how just one of these variables, batch size, impacts throughput and latency on ResNet50.

Hardware 58

Hardware Latency Serverless Energy 58

The Morning Paper

JANUARY 28, 2020

Shredder is " a low-latency multi-tenant cloud store that allows small units of computation to be performed directly within storage nodes. " Entry/exit in/out of V8 contexts is less expensive than hardware-based isolation mechanisms, keeping request processing latency low and throughput high. Shredder in action.

Serverless 99

Serverless Storage Latency Cloud 99

Brendan Gregg

AUGUST 18, 2019

For example, iostat(1), or a monitoring agent, may tell you your average disk latency, but not the distribution of this latency. This example instrumented one of many thousands of available events. For smaller environments, it can be of more use helping eliminate latency outliers. Block I/O latency as a histogram.

Latency 68

Latency C++ Cache Programming 68

John McCalpin

AUGUST 1, 2018

According to Dr. Bandwidth, performance analysis has two recurring themes: How fast should this code (or “simple” variations on this code) run on this hardware? The user environment defines the mapping of MPI ranks to hardware resources (cores, sockets, nodes). The MPI runtime library. in ways that are seldom transparent.

Hardware 40

Hardware Transportation Performance Latency 40

Smashing Magazine

AUGUST 3, 2021

Lots can go wrong: a network request fails, a third-party library breaks, a JavaScript feature is unsupported (assuming JavaScript is even available), a CDN goes down, a user behaves unexpectedly (they double-click a submit button), the list goes on. For example, a dashboard overview of your bank account contains data of varying importance.

Network 145

Network Engineering Availability Monitoring 145

Alex Russell

MARCH 6, 2021

Thanks to progress in networks and browsers (but not devices), a more generous global budget cap has emerged for sites constructed the "modern" way: ~100KiB of HTML/CSS/fonts and ~300-350KiB of JS (compressed) is the new rule-of-thumb limit for at least the next year or two. The Moto G4 , for example. Hard Reset.

Performance 124

Performance Network Cache Metrics 124

The Morning Paper

MARCH 3, 2020

This work is latency critical, because volume IO is blocked until it is complete. Physalia is designed to offer consistency and high-availability, even under network partitions. Larger cells have better tolerance of tail latency (e.g. Thus the configuration master is under stress just when you need it the most.

Database 106

Database AWS Network Design 106

Highly Scalable

SEPTEMBER 18, 2012

Historically, NoSQL paid a lot of attention to tradeoffs between consistency, fault-tolerance and performance to serve geographically distributed systems, low-latency or highly available applications. A database should accommodate itself to different data distributions, cluster topologies and hardware configurations. Data Placement.

Database 213

Database Latency C++ Scalability 213

The Morning Paper

MAY 14, 2019

Last time around we looked at the DeathStarBench suite of microservices-based benchmark applications and learned that microservices systems can be especially latency sensitive, and that hotspots can propagate through a microservices architecture in interesting ways. on end-to-end latency) and less than 0.15% on throughput.

Big Data 45

Big Data Cloud Performance Hardware 45

The Morning Paper

MAY 28, 2019

The goal is to produce a low-energy hardware classifier for embedded applications doing local processing of sensor data. The resulting system can integrate seamlessly into a scikit-learn based development process, and dramatically reduces the total energy usage required for classification with very low latency. Introducing race logic.

Energy 52

Energy Hardware Efficiency Architecture 52

The Morning Paper

JULY 4, 2019

degraded hardware, transient networking problem) or, more often, because of some change deployed by Netflix engineers that did not have the intended effect. Two failure modes we focus on are a service becoming slower (increase in response latency) or a service failing outright (returning errors).

Latency 77

Latency Engineering Metrics Traffic 77

The Morning Paper

APRIL 14, 2019

The paper sets out what we can do in software given today’s hardware, and along the way also highlights areas where cooperation from hardware will be needed in the future. There are also stateless interconnects including buses and on-chip networks. Requirement 4 : State flushing must be padded to its worst-case latency.

Hardware 44

Hardware Cache Latency Speed 44

Percona

APRIL 17, 2023

The CFQ works well for many general use cases but lacks latency guarantees. The deadline excels at latency-sensitive use cases ( like databases ), and noop is closer to no schedule at all. For example, on a 128GB memory host, this can allow up to 38.4GB of dirty pages. Two other schedulers are deadline and noop.

Best Practices 52

Best Practices Design Tuning Database 52

The Morning Paper

NOVEMBER 14, 2019

It’s another networking paper to close out the week (and our coverage of SOSP’19), but whereas Snap looked at traffic routing within the datacenter, Taiji is concerned with routing traffic from the edge to a datacenter. For example, balance utilisation across all data centers, or optimise for network latency.

Traffic 42

Traffic Internet Internet Latency 42

Brendan Gregg

AUGUST 8, 2017

For example, an hourly load average of 10 would mean that (for a single CPU system) at any time during that hour one could expect to see 1 process running and 9 others ready to run (i.e., 90491 N|rnberg (Germany) Consulting+Networking+Programming+etc'ing 42. In my examples, I'm just showing the kernel stacks, but offcputime.py

Latency 111

Latency Metrics C++ Systems 111

CSS - Tricks

JULY 25, 2019

Lighthouse uses Chrome’s Remote Debugging Protocol to read network request information, measure JavaScript performance, observe accessibility standards and measure user-focused timing metrics like First Contentful Paint , Time to Interactive or Speed Index. Estimated Input Latency. Estimated Input Latency. Speed Index.

Google 71

Google Engineering Speed Mobile 71

Abhishek Tiwari

JULY 12, 2018

Here are 8 fallacies of data pipeline The pipeline is reliable Topology is stateless Pipeline is infinitely scalable Processing latency is minimum Everything is observable There is no domino effect Pipeline is cost­-effective Data is homogeneous The pipeline is reliable The inconvenient truth is that pipeline is not reliable.

Latency 63

Latency Analytics Scalability Engineering 63

The Morning Paper

DECEMBER 8, 2019

Byte-addressable non-volatile memory,) NVM will fundamentally change the way hardware interacts, the way operating systems are designed, and the way applications operate on data. Therefore any programming abstraction must be low latency and the kernel needs to be kept off the path of persistent data access as much as possible.

Hardware 56

Hardware Programming Media Storage 56

Dotcom-Montior

OCTOBER 6, 2021

For example, a site reliability engineer may be involved with help desk tickets, on-call incidents, manual tasks, etc. trying to reduce the amount of manual work and ensuring all the components (infrastructure/hardware, middleware, software, etc.) What Does a Site Reliability Engineer Do? What are Some Common SRE Responsibilities?

Engineering 67

Engineering DevOps Monitoring Google 67

All Things Distributed

JULY 13, 2010

Customers with complex computational workloads such as tightly coupled, parallel processes, or with applications that are very sensitive to network performance, can now achieve the same high compute and networking performance provided by custom-built infrastructure while benefiting from the elasticity, flexibility and cost advantages of Amazon EC2.

Cloud 118

Cloud AWS Automotive Latency 118