The Netflix TechBlog

AUGUST 30, 2021

Complementing the hardware is the software on the RAE and in the cloud, and bridging the software on both ends is a bi-directional control plane. The challenge, then, is to be able to ingest and process these events in a scalable manner, i.e., scaling with the number of devices, which will be the focus of this blog post.

Latency 213

Latency Traffic Transportation Hardware 213

The Morning Paper

MAY 12, 2019

An open-source benchmark suite for microservices and their hardware-software implications for cloud & edge systems Gan et al., The paper examines the implications of microservices at the hardware, OS and networking stack, cluster management, and application framework levels, as well as the impact of tail latency.

Open Source 61

Open Source Hardware Benchmarking Systems 61

Dynatrace

APRIL 5, 2021

AWS Lambda is a serverless compute service that can run code in response to predetermined events or conditions and automatically manage all the computing resources required for those processes. Real-time file processing, for quickly indexing files, processing logs, and validating content.

Lambda 180

Lambda AWS Serverless Hardware 180

The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 4, 2019

Because microprocessors are so fast, computer architecture design has evolved towards adding various levels of caching between compute units and the main memory, in order to hide the latency of bringing the bits to the brains. Its goal is to assign running processes to time slices of the CPU in a “fair” way. So why mess with it?

Cache 251

Cache Latency Airlines Logistics 251

The Morning Paper

NOVEMBER 15, 2020

An IDS/IPS monitors network flows and matches incoming packets (or more strictly, Protocol Data Units, PDUs) against a set of rules. So before matching, the IDS/IPS has to reconstruct a TCP bytestream in the face of packet fragmentation, loss, and out-of-order delivery – a process known as reassembly. IDS/IPS requirements.

Servers 128

Servers Hardware Latency Design 128

The Morning Paper

OCTOBER 4, 2020

We are standing on the eve of the 5G era… 5G, as a monumental shift in cellular communication technology, holds tremendous potential for spurring innovations across many vertical industries, with its promised multi-Gbps speed, sub-10 ms low latency, and massive connectivity. The first 5G networks are now deployed and operational.

Energy 130

Energy Latency Performance Network 130

Sutter's Mill

FEBRUARY 13, 2017

Tue-Thu Apr 25-27: High-Performance and Low-Latency C++ (Stockholm). On April 25-27, I’ll be in Stockholm (Kista) giving a three-day seminar on “High-Performance and Low-Latency C++.”

Latency 51

Latency C++ Hardware Performance 51

The Morning Paper

MAY 19, 2019

Last week we learned about the [increased tail-latency sensitivity of microservices based applications with high RPC fan-outs. Seer uses estimates of queue depths to mitigate latency spikes on the order of 10-100ms, in conjunction with a cluster manager. So what we have here is a glimpse of the limits for low-latency RPCs under load.

Latency 80

Latency Hardware Network Architecture 80

Percona

NOVEMBER 9, 2023

Kubernetes manages and orchestrates these containers, handling tasks such as deployment, scaling, load balancing, and networking. Your workloads, encapsulated in containers, can be deployed freely across different clouds or your own hardware. In essence, it establishes permissions within a Kubernetes cluster. have adopted Kubernetes.

Efficiency 106

Efficiency Cloud Healthcare Open Source 106

Dynatrace

SEPTEMBER 30, 2021

Cloud migration is the process of transferring some or all your data, software, and operations to a cloud-based computing environment that offers unlimited scale and high availability. A key step in digital transformation is migrating from traditional on-prem IT processes to adopting cloud services. What is cloud migration?

Cloud 165

Cloud Traffic Best Practices Strategy 165

Dotcom-Montior

NOVEMBER 24, 2021

There was a time when standing up a website or application was simple and straightforward and not the complex networks they are today. These systems can include physical servers, containers, virtual machines, or even a device, or node, that connects and communicates with the network. The recipe was straightforward. Peer-to-Peer.

Systems 74

Systems Monitoring Hardware Network 74

Highly Scalable

AUGUST 20, 2013

The shortcomings and drawbacks of batch-oriented data processing were widely recognized by the Big Data community quite a long time ago. It became clear that real-time query processing and in-stream processing is the immediate need in many practical applications. Fault-tolerance.

Big Data 154

Big Data Processing Lambda Database 154

Dotcom-Montior

MAY 12, 2020

A request will be sent from the client-side and an HTTP check waits on the server port to get the message, process it, and then send back the response. Network or connection error. Network latency. Hardware resources. Processing and generating the response. Network Latency. Hardware Resources.

Monitoring 63

Monitoring Entertainment Hardware Latency 63

The Morning Paper

JANUARY 30, 2020

Edge servers are the middle ground – more compute power than a mobile device, but with latency of just a few ms. The current system assumes an application specific regression model is available on the servers which can predict processing time given the current parameters of the job (e.g. in the cloud).

Mobile 104

Mobile Cloud Latency Games 104

Alex Russell

JANUARY 30, 2024

It's time once again to update our priors regarding the global device and network situation. HTML, CSS, images, and fonts can all be parsed and run at near wire speeds on low-end hardware, but JavaScript is at least three times more expensive, byte-for-byte. What's changed since last year? and 75KiB of JavaScript.

Performance 90

Performance Network Mobile Speed 90

Brendan Gregg

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

My personal opinion is that I don't see a widespread need for more capacity given horizontal scaling and servers that can already exceed 1 Tbyte of DRAM; bandwidth is also helpful, but I'd be concerned about the increased latency for adding a hop to more memory. Ford, et al., “TCP

Performance 110

Performance Latency Cache Virtualization 110

The Morning Paper

JANUARY 28, 2020

Shredder is " a low-latency multi-tenant cloud store that allows small units of computation to be performed directly within storage nodes. " Entry/exit in/out of V8 contexts is less expensive than hardware-based isolation mechanisms, keeping request processing latency low and throughput high. Shredder in action.

Serverless 99

Serverless Storage Latency Cloud 99

HammerDB

OCTOBER 23, 2023

With a simple example such as this, it would not necessarily be expected for the additional network traffic to be significant between the 2 approaches. However, with more complex application logic this network round trip soon becomes a key focus area for improving performance. On MySQL, we saw a 1.5X performance advantage. client (i.e.

Benchmarking 62

Benchmarking Database Network C++ 62

Percona

JUNE 22, 2023

Replication lag can occur due to various factors such as network latency, system resource limitations, complex transactions, or heavy write loads on the primary/master database. Note that the specific configuration variables and their optimal values may vary depending on the MySQL version, system hardware, workload, and other factors.

Performance 107

Performance Monitoring Traffic Database 107

Alex Russell

MARCH 6, 2021

Thanks to progress in networks and browsers (but not devices), a more generous global budget cap has emerged for sites constructed the "modern" way: ~100KiB of HTML/CSS/fonts and ~300-350KiB of JS (compressed) is the new rule-of-thumb limit for at least the next year or two. Modern network performance and availability.

Performance 124

Performance Network Cache Metrics 124

The Morning Paper

MARCH 3, 2020

It takes you through the thinking processes and engineering practices behind the design of a key part of the control plane for AWS Elastic Block Storage (EBS): the Physalia database that stores configuration information. This work is latency critical, because volume IO is blocked until it is complete. NSDI’20.

Database 106

Database AWS Network Design 106

Brendan Gregg

AUGUST 18, 2019

For example, iostat(1), or a monitoring agent, may tell you your average disk latency, but not the distribution of this latency. For smaller environments, it can be of more use helping eliminate latency outliers. bpftrace uses BPF (Berkeley Packet Filter), an in-kernel execution engine that processes a virtual instruction set.

Latency 68

Latency C++ Cache Programming 68

Percona

MAY 2, 2023

Let’s look at some questions I did that a MySQL DBA usually needs to answer in an interview process. Keep in mind that setting the buffer pool size too high may result in other processes on your server competing for memory, which can impact performance. Questions Q: I have a MySQL server with 500 GB of RAM; my data set is 100 GB.

Social Media 122

Social Media Database Servers Cache 122

Highly Scalable

SEPTEMBER 18, 2012

Although it can hardly be said that NoSQL movement brought fundamentally new techniques into distributed data processing, it triggered an avalanche of practical studies and real-life trials of different combinations of protocols and algorithms. Isolated parts of the database can serve read/write requests in case of network partition.

Database 213

Database Latency C++ Scalability 213

CSS Wizardry

OCTOBER 27, 2018

Simply knowing the different forms of performance testing that we have available to us, and where they sit in the product development process, makes it much easier for businesses to adopt a performance strategy and keep on top of things. Each have their own time, place, purpose, focus, and audience.

Performance Testing 172

Performance Testing Testing Performance Strategy 172

Brendan Gregg

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

My personal opinion is that I don't see a widespread need for more capacity given horizontal scaling and servers that can already exceed 1 Tbyte of DRAM; bandwidth is also helpful, but I'd be concerned about the increased latency for adding a hop to more memory. Ford, et al., “TCP

Performance 52

Performance Latency Cache Virtualization 52

Smashing Magazine

AUGUST 3, 2021

Lots can go wrong: a network request fails, a third-party library breaks, a JavaScript feature is unsupported (assuming JavaScript is even available), a CDN goes down, a user behaves unexpectedly (they double-click a submit button), the list goes on. The more enriched sentence (right) is an enhancement for when the network request succeeds.

Network 145

Network Engineering Availability Monitoring 145

Dotcom-Montior

DECEMBER 8, 2021

Now that we have talked about what an incident is, incident management is the process by which teams resolve these events and bring systems and services back to normal operation. ITSM is the policies, processes, and structure behind the lifecycle of IT services. Incident Management Lifecyle: Process and Steps. Service Desk.

Social Media 90

Social Media Monitoring Latency DevOps 90

The Morning Paper

APRIL 14, 2019

The paper sets out what we can do in software given today’s hardware, and along the way also highlights areas where cooperation from hardware will be needed in the future. There are also stateless interconnects including buses and on-chip networks. Requirement 4 : State flushing must be padded to its worst-case latency.

Hardware 44

Hardware Cache Latency Speed 44

The Morning Paper

JULY 4, 2019

degraded hardware, transient networking problem) or, more often, because of some change deployed by Netflix engineers that did not have the intended effect. Two failure modes we focus on are a service becoming slower (increase in response latency) or a service failing outright (returning errors). On error rates.

Latency 77

Latency Engineering Metrics Traffic 77

The Morning Paper

MAY 28, 2019

The goal is to produce a low-energy hardware classifier for embedded applications doing local processing of sensor data. The resulting system can integrate seamlessly into a scikit-learn based development process, and dramatically reduces the total energy usage required for classification with very low latency.

Energy 52

Energy Hardware Efficiency Architecture 52

Percona

APRIL 17, 2023

The CFQ works well for many general use cases but lacks latency guarantees. The deadline excels at latency-sensitive use cases ( like databases ), and noop is closer to no schedule at all. 25.84 - Total 21.04 zone_reclaim_mode In some OS versions, the vm.zone_reclaim_mode is enabled. 25.84 - Total 21.04

Best Practices 52

Best Practices Design Tuning Database 52

The Morning Paper

NOVEMBER 14, 2019

It’s another networking paper to close out the week (and our coverage of SOSP’19), but whereas Snap looked at traffic routing within the datacenter, Taiji is concerned with routing traffic from the edge to a datacenter. For example, balance utilisation across all data centers, or optimise for network latency. SOSP’19.

Traffic 42

Traffic Internet Internet Latency 42

Abhishek Tiwari

JULY 12, 2018

These data pipelines can process data at petabytes scale and to some extent, their success can be attributed to an army of engineers devoted to build and maintain internal data pipelines. Depending on frameworks, data processing units (a.k.a A data pipeline is a software which runs on hardware.

Latency 63

Latency Analytics Scalability Engineering 63

Brendan Gregg

AUGUST 8, 2017

This measures demand, which can be greater than what the system is currently processing. 42/3411 43603. . ## History The original load averages show only CPU demand: the number of processes running plus those waiting to run. The load average is an average of the number of runnable processes over a given time period.

Latency 111

Latency Metrics C++ Systems 111

CSS - Tricks

JULY 25, 2019

Lighthouse uses Chrome’s Remote Debugging Protocol to read network request information, measure JavaScript performance, observe accessibility standards and measure user-focused timing metrics like First Contentful Paint , Time to Interactive or Speed Index. Estimated Input Latency. Estimated Input Latency. Speed Index.

Google 71

Google Engineering Speed Mobile 71

All Things Distributed

JULY 13, 2010

Customers with complex computational workloads such as tightly coupled, parallel processes, or with applications that are very sensitive to network performance, can now achieve the same high compute and networking performance provided by custom-built infrastructure while benefiting from the elasticity, flexibility and cost advantages of Amazon EC2.

Cloud 118

Cloud AWS Automotive Latency 118