The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 19, 2020

Investigating a video streaming failure consists of inspecting all aspects of a member account. Reconstructing a streaming session was a tedious and time consuming process that involved tracing all interactions (requests) between the Netflix app, our Content Delivery Network (CDN), and backend microservices.

Infrastructure 233

Infrastructure Transportation Storage Open Source 233

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 6, 2023

We have built an internal system that allows someone to perform in-video search across the entire Netflix video catalog, and we’d like to share our experience in building this system. Building in-video search To build such a visual search engine, we needed a machine learning system that can understand visual elements.

Media 225

Media Social Media Tuning Efficiency 225

Brendan Gregg

NOVEMBER 29, 2017

Paravirtualization**: The hypervisor provides efficient hypercalls, and the guest OS uses drivers and kernel modifications to call these hypercalls. Enter paravirtualization, originally introduced in Xen, where the guest has been modified to be aware of the hypervisor and to make efficient hypercalls. The AMI and boot are now HVM.

Virtualization 111

Virtualization AWS Hardware Storage 111

Smashing Magazine

SEPTEMBER 28, 2022

The resource loading waterfall is a cascade of files downloaded from the network server to the client to load your website from start to finish. It essentially describes the lifetime of each file you download to load your page from the network. You can see this by opening your browser and looking in the Networking tab.

Cache 125

Cache Performance Servers Social Media 125

Brendan Gregg

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

The video is now on [YouTube]: The slides are [online] and as a [PDF]: first prev next last / permalink/zoom In Q&A I was asked about CXL (compute express link) which was fortunate as I had planned to cover it and then forgot, so the question let me talk about it (although Q&A is missing from the video).

Performance 110

Performance Latency Cache Virtualization 110

The Netflix TechBlog

MAY 21, 2019

Netflix engineers run a series of tests and benchmarks to validate the device across multiple dimensions including compatibility of the device with the Netflix SDK, device performance, audio-video playback quality, license handling, encryption and security. The neural network (NN)-based agent uses a deep net with fully connected layers.

Testing 163

Testing AWS Lambda Network 163

ACM Sigarch

DECEMBER 6, 2018

As we move beyond individual image and frame-based analysis, it is clear that video data is much richer and including temporal information (across frames) in addition to the spatial aspects (within a frame) adds additional attributes that should be considered in workload/architecture research. Generative and Interactive Visual Workloads.

Wireless 54

Wireless IoT Analytics Architecture 54

Brendan Gregg

DECEMBER 31, 2017

Fortunately, it was videoed for those who missed it. A video of the talk is on youtube : The slides are on slideshare : I love this talk as I get to share more about what the Performance and Operating Systems team at Netflix does, rather than just my work. Storage I/O. Networking. File System. tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range

Tuning 61

Tuning AWS Best Practices Network 61

Brendan Gregg

DECEMBER 30, 2017

Fortunately, it was videoed for those who missed it. A video of the talk is on youtube : The slides are on slideshare : I love this talk as I get to share more about what the Performance and Operating Systems team at Netflix does, rather than just my work. Storage I/O. Networking. File System. tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range

Tuning 52

Tuning AWS Best Practices Network 52

Smashing Magazine

JANUARY 11, 2021

Assets Optimizations Brotli, AVIF, WebP, responsive images, AV1, adaptive media loding, video compression, web fonts, Google fonts. Networking, HTTP/2, HTTP/3 OCSP stapling, EV/DV certificates, packaging, IPv6, QUIC, HTTP/3. You can then mimic the 90th percentile’s experience for testing.

Performance 145

Performance Cache Media Metrics 145

Tim Kadlec

JANUARY 9, 2019

Sites that use an excess of resources, whether on the network or on the device, don’t just cause slow experiences, but can leave entire groups of people out. Similarly, there is a growing gap between what a top of the line network connection can handle and what someone with a poor mobile connection or satellite connection can handle.

Performance 111

Performance Energy Internet Internet 111

Alex Russell

APRIL 29, 2021

Chrome has missed several APIs for 3+ years: Storage Access API. Next-generation video codecs, supported in many modern chips, but also a licensing minefield. Necessary for building competitive video experiences, including messaging and videoconferencing. Fundamentally enabling for video creation apps. getUserMedia().

Media 145

Media Games Education Engineering 145

Smashing Magazine

AUGUST 23, 2019

This feature, supported by each of the larger servers (Apache, IIS, nginx), is mainly used for video playback. If a user jumps to the end of a video, it would not be very efficient to load the complete video before the user can finally see the desired part. Network console when loading the preview image ( Large preview ).

Network 103

Network Servers Programming Code 103

Brendan Gregg

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

The video is now on YouTube : The slides are online and as a PDF : first prev next last / permalink/zoom In Q&A I was asked about CXL (compute express link) which was fortunate as I had planned to cover it and then forgot, so the question let me talk about it (although Q&A is missing from the video).

Performance 52

Performance Latency Cache Virtualization 52

Brendan Gregg

NOVEMBER 28, 2017

Paravirtualization**: The hypervisor provides efficient hypercalls, and the guest OS uses drivers and kernel modifications to call these hypercalls. Enter paravirtualization, originally introduced in Xen, where the guest has been modified to be aware of the hypervisor and to make efficient hypercalls. The AMI and boot are now HVM.

Virtualization 40

Virtualization AWS Hardware Storage 40

The Morning Paper

SEPTEMBER 10, 2019

When each of those use cases is powered by a dedicated back-end, investments in better performance, improved scalability and efficiency etc. to understand YouTube video performance) drive tens of thousands of canned (known in advance) queries per second, that need to be served with latency in the tens of milliseconds. are divided.

Analytics 75

Analytics Latency Cache Google 75

Percona

APRIL 17, 2023

For example: UUID=f41e390f-835b-4223-a9bb-9b45984ddf8d / xfs rw,noatime,attr2,inode64,noquota 0 0 Unix ulimit settings Most UNIX-like operating systems, including Linux and macOS, provide ways to limit and control the usage of system resources such as threads, files, and network connections on a per-process and per-user basis.

Best Practices 52

Best Practices Design Tuning Database 52

Smashing Magazine

JANUARY 6, 2020

To get a good first impression of how your competitors perform, you can use Chrome UX Report ( CrUX , a ready-made RUM data set, video introduction by Ilya Grigorik and detailed guide by Rick Viscomi) or Treo Sites , a RUM monitoring tool that is powered by Chrome UX Report. You can then mimic the 90th percentile’s experience for testing.

Performance 145

Performance Cache Network Metrics 145

Dotcom-Montior

MARCH 6, 2022

Users can also watch the actual URL loading video in the browser window. It’s important to mention that within the Dotcom Monitor platform there is a feature that a user can watch the actual URL loading video in the browser window (shown below). This is a good example of a website where efficient caching being used.

Performance 52

Performance Cache Website Speed 52

Smashing Magazine

JANUARY 7, 2019

To get a good first impression of how your competitors perform, you can use Chrome UX Report ( CrUX , a ready-made RUM data set, video introduction by Ilya Grigorik), Speed Scorecard (also provides a revenue impact estimator), Real User Experience Test Comparison or SiteSpeed CI (based on synthetic testing). 150ms RTT, 1.5 Mbps down, 0.7

Performance 103

Performance Cache Metrics Network 103

Smashing Magazine

JANUARY 15, 2019

This includes the work done by the server, the client and the intermediary communications networks that transmit data between the two. An obvious metric here is CPU usage, but memory usage and other forms of data storage also play their part. All of the major browsers provide developer tools that allow us to measure network activity.

Website Performance 73

Website Performance Website Energy Performance 73

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 24, 2021

After content ingestion, inspection and encoding, the packaging step encapsulates encoded video and audio in codec agnostic container formats and provides features such as audio video synchronization, random access and DRM protection. Packaging has always been an important step in media processing.

Cloud 237

Cloud Media Storage Cache 237

Dotcom-Montior

MAY 6, 2020

Users can also watch the actual URL loading video in the browser window. It’s important to mention that within the Dotcom Monitor platform there is a feature that a user can watch the actual URL loading video in the browser window (shown below). This is a good example of a website where efficient caching being used.

Performance 53

Performance Cache Website Speed 53

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 13, 2023

We have been leveraging machine learning (ML) models to personalize artwork and to help our creatives create promotional content efficiently. In addition, we provide a unified library that enables ML practitioners to seamlessly access video, audio, image, and various text-based assets.

Media 290

Media Storage Infrastructure Systems 290

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 2, 2020

Edgar helps Netflix teams troubleshoot distributed systems efficiently with the help of a summarized presentation of request tracing, logs, analysis, and metadata. A span: Represents a unit of work, such as a network call from one service to another (a client/server relationship) or a purely internal action (e.g., What is Edgar?

Latency 296

Latency Transportation Engineering Traffic 296

The Netflix TechBlog

APRIL 26, 2022

Figure 1: Netflix ML Architecture Fact: A fact is data about our members or videos. An example of data about members is the video they had watched or added to their My List. An example of video data is video metadata, like the length of a video. Time is a critical component of Axion?—?When

Storage 187

Storage Design Scalability Latency 187

Alex Russell

AUGUST 30, 2021

For example, OWNERs and experts in video and audio codecs can agree to extensive changes in their domain but cannot green-light changes in areas such as layout, networking, storage, or JavaScript engines. But is HR cost efficiency for Apple the most important feature of a web engine?

Engineering 98

Engineering Open Source Website Operating System 98

Brendan Gregg

SEPTEMBER 5, 2017

. ## Observability Here's the big picture of performance observability tools on Linux, from my [Linux performance] page, where I also have diagrams for other tool types, as well as videos and slides of prior Linux performance talks: I also have a USE Method: Linux Performance Checklist , as a different way to navigate and apply the tools.

Virtualization 76

Virtualization AWS Engineering Hardware 76

O'Reilly

SEPTEMBER 19, 2023

It progressed from “raw compute and storage” to “reimplementing key services in push-button fashion” to “becoming the backbone of AI work”—all under the umbrella of “renting time and storage on someone else’s computers.” ” (It will be easier to fit in the overhead storage.)

Hardware 99

Hardware Storage Big Data Blockchain 99

All Things Distributed

MARCH 11, 2016

This becomes an even more important lesson at scale: for example, as S3 processes trillions and trillions of storage transactions, anything that has even the slightest probability of error will become realistic. If customers have many tiny files, then storage and bandwidth don’t amount to much even if they are making millions of requests.

AWS 144

AWS Hardware Retail Virtualization 144

All Things Distributed

AUGUST 20, 2015

Today, we are releasing a plugin that allows customers to use the Titan graph engine with Amazon DynamoDB as the backend storage layer. It opens up the possibility to enjoy the value that graph databases bring to relationship-centric use cases, without worrying about managing the underlying storage. The importance of relationships.

Database 134

Database Logistics Availability Social Media 134

All Things Distributed

OCTOBER 12, 2016

There are some great examples and use cases for Redis, which you can see at companies like Hudl, which offers mobile and desktop video analytics solutions to sports teams and athletes. ElastiCache for Redis Multi-AZ capability is built to handle any failover case for Redis Cluster with robustness and efficiency. Building upon Redis.

Scalability 130

Scalability Analytics Cache AWS 130

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 6, 2019

Mounting object storage in Netflix’s media processing platform By Barak Alon (on behalf of Netflix’s Media Cloud Engineering team) MezzFS (short for “Mezzanine File System”) is a tool we’ve developed at Netflix that mounts cloud objects as local files via FUSE. What problem are we solving? Encoding is not a one-time process?—?large

Media 214

Media Storage Processing Cache 214

O'Reilly

MAY 19, 2020

Live online training, videos, books, certification prep, and more, from O’Reilly and our partner publishers. network engineer, at >2%) and management positions (IT manager, at close to 3%; operations manager at >1%). And about 10% work in technical management positions. Role of survey respondents.

Cloud 141

Cloud Serverless AWS Architecture 141

High Scalability

NOVEMBER 25, 2019

It is limited by the disk space; it can’t expand storage elastically; it chokes if you run few I/O intensive processes or try collaborating with 100 other users. Over time, costs for S3 and GCS became reasonable and with Egnyte’s storage plugin architecture, our customers can now bring in any storage backend of their choice.

Architecture 52

Architecture Cache Azure Storage 52