The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 4, 2024

The rule-based classifier classifies job errors based on a set of predefined rules and provides insights for schedulers to decide whether to retry the job and for engineers to diagnose and remediate the job failure. Rule Execution Engine is responsible for matching the collected logs against a set of predefined rules.

Tuning 210

Tuning Efficiency Big Data Engineering 210

Dynatrace

SEPTEMBER 13, 2023

This is a set of best practices and guidelines that help you design and operate reliable, secure, efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable systems in the cloud. These workflows also utilize Davis® , the Dynatrace causal AI engine, and all your observability and security data across all platforms, in context, at scale, and in real-time.

AWS 243

AWS Efficiency Azure Cloud 243

Dynatrace

DECEMBER 15, 2022

ITOps refers to the process of acquiring, designing, deploying, configuring, and maintaining equipment and services that support an organization’s desired business outcomes. This includes response time, accuracy, speed, throughput, uptime, CPU utilization, and latency. Performance. What does IT operations do?

Artificial Intelligence 198

Artificial Intelligence DevOps Hardware Virtualization 198

The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 4, 2019

Because microprocessors are so fast, computer architecture design has evolved towards adding various levels of caching between compute units and the main memory, in order to hide the latency of bringing the bits to the brains. This avoids thrashing caches too much for B and evens out the pressure on the L3 caches of the machine.

Cache 251

Cache Latency Airlines Logistics 251

VoltDB

JULY 10, 2018

This goal has been attempted to be addressed from the beginning of time: think of Object Oriented Programming, Service Oriented Architecture, Enterprise Service Bus and now Microservices. In these use cases, data processing usually has less than a 5 milliseconds latency budget. Real-World Example Problem. Real-time order management.

Architecture 40

Architecture Scalability Ecommerce Latency 40

VoltDB

JULY 10, 2018

This goal has been attempted to be addressed from the beginning of time: think of Object Oriented Programming, Service Oriented Architecture, Enterprise Service Bus and now Microservices. In these use cases, data processing usually has less than a 5 milliseconds latency budget. Real-World Example Problem. Real-time order management.

Architecture 40

Architecture Scalability Ecommerce Latency 40

O'Reilly Software

DECEMBER 11, 2017

A message-based microservices architecture offers many advantages, making solutions easier to scale and expand with new services. The asynchronous nature of interservice interactions inherent to this architecture, however, poses challenges for user-initiated actions such as create-read-update-delete (CRUD) requests on an object.

Architecture 68

Architecture Government Latency Efficiency 68

Dynatrace

DECEMBER 2, 2021

As organizations adopt microservices-based architecture , service-level objectives (SLOs) have become a vital way for teams to set specific, measurable targets that ensure users are receiving agreed-upon service levels. You can set SLOs based on individual indicators, such as batch throughput, request latency, and failures-per-second.

Metrics 187

Metrics Best Practices DevOps Infrastructure 187

Dynatrace

APRIL 5, 2021

Lambda’s highly efficient, on-demand computing environment aligns with today’s microservices-centric architectures, and readily integrates with other popular AWS offerings that an organization may already be using. AWS continues to improve how it handles latency issues. It helps SRE teams automate responses.

Lambda 178

Lambda AWS Serverless Hardware 178

Brendan Gregg

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

My personal opinion is that I don't see a widespread need for more capacity given horizontal scaling and servers that can already exceed 1 Tbyte of DRAM; bandwidth is also helpful, but I'd be concerned about the increased latency for adding a hop to more memory. Ford, et al., “TCP

Performance 110

Performance Latency Cache Virtualization 110

The Morning Paper

OCTOBER 11, 2020

Only space system architects don’t call it request-response, they call it a ‘ bent-pipe architecture.’. In the bent pipe architecture a satellite gathers and stores data until it is near a ground station, and then transmits whatever it has. Orbital Edge Computing (OEC) is designed to do just that. Satellites are changing!

Systems 125

Systems Latency Architecture Energy 125

Brendan Gregg

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

My personal opinion is that I don't see a widespread need for more capacity given horizontal scaling and servers that can already exceed 1 Tbyte of DRAM; bandwidth is also helpful, but I'd be concerned about the increased latency for adding a hop to more memory. Ford, et al., “TCP

Performance 52

Performance Latency Cache Virtualization 52

InfoQ

JULY 3, 2023

The new solution achieved over 99% hit rate, helped reduce tail latencies by more than 60% and costs by 10% annually. LinkedIn introduced Couchbase as a centralized caching tier for scaling member profile reads to handle increasing traffic that has outgrown their existing database cluster. By Rafal Gancarz

Cache 83

Cache Latency Traffic Database 83

InfoQ

AUGUST 10, 2020

After analyzing the performance of several common lossless compression algorithms, Dropbox engineers modified slightly Google's Brotli encoder to improve their engine sync performance. This reduced median latency and data transfer by more than 30%, Dropbox engineers Rishabh Jain and Daniel Reiter Horn maintain.

Performance 65

Performance Latency Google Engineering 65

Dynatrace

SEPTEMBER 30, 2021

This can dramatically decrease network latency and its effect on the end-user experience. Because cloud architectures are more distributed and dynamic resources come and go as needed, performance can be varied. By establishing these, you can work backward to ensure every step of the process is designed to serve these outcomes.

Cloud 163

Cloud Traffic Best Practices Strategy 163

All Things Distributed

NOVEMBER 26, 2013

About 5 years ago, I introduced you to AWS Availability Zones, which are distinct locations within a Region that are engineered to be insulated from failures in other Availability Zones and provide inexpensive, low latency network connectivity to other Availability Zones in the same region.

Cloud 145

Cloud AWS Traffic Latency 145

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 9, 2021

The Growth Engineering team is responsible for executing growth initiatives that help us anticipate and adapt to this change. In particular, it’s our job to design and build the systems and protocols that enable customers from all over the world to sign up for Netflix with the plan features and incentives that best suit their needs.

Engineering 142

Engineering Scalability Architecture Innovation 142

Smashing Magazine

SEPTEMBER 28, 2022

On design systems, UX, web performance and CSS/JS. An SSR application will generally have templating engines that inject the variables into an HTML when given to the client. Common Websocket Architecture. In a common WebSocket architecture, the Front-end application will connect to a WebSocket API, an event bus, or a database.

Cache 125

Cache Performance Servers Social Media 125

The Morning Paper

JUNE 13, 2019

Making queries to an inference engine has many of the same throughput, latency, and cost considerations as making queries to a datastore, and more and more applications are coming to depend on such queries. The following figure highlights how just one of these variables, batch size, impacts throughput and latency on ResNet50.

Hardware 58

Hardware Latency Serverless Energy 58

Abhishek Tiwari

JULY 12, 2018

These data pipelines can process data at petabytes scale and to some extent, their success can be attributed to an army of engineers devoted to build and maintain internal data pipelines. Not everyone is operating at Netflix or Spotify scale data engineering function.

Latency 63

Latency Analytics Scalability Engineering 63

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 3, 2021

Remote calls are never free; they impose extra latency, increase probability of an error, and consume network bandwidth. How can we achieve a similar functionality when designing our gRPC APIs? The solution we use within the Netflix Studio Engineering is protobuf FieldMask.

Design 245

Design Java Efficiency Code 245

cdemi

JUNE 10, 2017

Several system architectures were designed that implement Byzantine Fault Tolerance. Because these are real-time systems, their Byzantine fault tolerance solutions must have very low latency. bus for commercial avionics, can achieve Byzantine fault tolerance on the order of a microsecond of added latency.

Blockchain 62

Blockchain Latency Systems C++ 62

Scalegrid

MARCH 28, 2024

Key Takeaways Redis offers complex data structures and additional features for versatile data handling, while Memcached excels in simplicity with a fast, multi-threaded architecture for basic caching needs. Redis Data Types and Structures The design of Redis’s data structures emphasizes versatility.

Cache 130

Cache Storage Scalability Architecture 130

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 9, 2021

Growth Engineering at Netflix?—?Automated In the Growth Engineering team, we refer to this as the top of the signup funnel. For more background on the signup funnel and Growth Engineering’s role in the signup funnel, please read our initial post on the topic: Growth Engineering at Netflix? Accelerating Innovation.

Engineering 165

Engineering Storage Latency Entertainment 165

Highly Scalable

AUGUST 20, 2013

This article is an effort to explore techniques used by developers of in-stream data processing systems, trace the connections of these techniques to massive batch processing and OLTP/OLAP databases, and discuss how one unified query engine can support in-stream, batch, and OLAP processing at the same time. Modularity and flexibility.

Big Data 154

Big Data Processing Lambda Database 154

All Things Distributed

JULY 13, 2010

Cluster Computer Instances for Amazon EC2 are a new instance type specifically designed for High Performance Computing applications. Other industries using Amazon EC2 for HPC-style workloads include pharmaceuticals, oil exploration, industrial and automotive design, media and entertainment, and more. until today. Recent Entries.

Cloud 118

Cloud AWS Automotive Latency 118

High Scalability

FEBRUARY 19, 2021

In this article, we discuss the concepts of dependability and fault tolerance in detail and explain how the Ably platform is designed with fault tolerant approaches to uphold its dependability guarantees. Fault tolerant design approaches address these shortfalls to provide continuity both to business and to the user experience.

Engineering 215

Engineering Systems Scalability Availability 215

The Netflix TechBlog

JANUARY 10, 2024

This architecture shift greatly reduced the processing latency and increased system resiliency. We expanded pipeline support to serve our studio/content-development use cases, which had different latency and resiliency requirements as compared to the traditional streaming use case.

Processing 229

Processing Media Latency Innovation 229

Scalegrid

MARCH 14, 2024

The architecture usually integrates several private, public, and on-premises infrastructures. Key Components of Hybrid Cloud Infrastructure A hybrid cloud architecture usually merges a public Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) platform with private computing assets and incorporates tools to manage these combined environments.

Strategy 130

Strategy Cloud Artificial Intelligence Infrastructure 130

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 24, 2021

Table 1: Movie and File Size Examples Initial Architecture A simplified view of our initial cloud video processing pipeline is illustrated in the following diagram. Figure 1: A Simplified Video Processing Pipeline With this architecture, chunk encoding is very efficient and processed in distributed cloud computing instances.

Cloud 237

Cloud Media Storage Cache 237

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 1, 2021

It supports both high throughput services that consume hundreds of thousands of CPUs at a time, and latency-sensitive workloads where humans are waiting for the results of a computation. The subsystems all communicate with each other asynchronously via Timestone, a high-scale, low-latency priority queuing system.

Serverless 228

Serverless Media Latency Social Media 228

Adrian Cockcroft

JANUARY 20, 2023

Here’s some predictions I’m making: Jack Dongarra’s efforts to highlight the low efficiency of the HPCG benchmark as an issue will influence the next generation of supercomputer architectures to optimize for sparse matrix computations. Next generation architectures will use CXL3.0 Next generation architectures will use CXL3.0

Architecture 52

Architecture Latency Benchmarking AWS 52

All Things Distributed

NOVEMBER 19, 2010

Science & Engineering. Understanding Throughput-Oriented Architectures - background article in CACM on massively parallel and throughput vs latency oriented architectures. an engineering adventure to break the 1,000 mph barrier in a car. Congrats to the Heroku team for officially serving 100,000 apps.

AWS 67

AWS Cloud Benchmarking Storage 67

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 9, 2021

Plus, the architecture of the Edge tier was evolving to a PaaS (platform as a service) model, and we had some tough decisions to make about how, and where, to handle identity token handling. The system architecture now takes the form of: Notice that tokens never traverse past the Edge gateway / EAS boundary. We are serving over 2.5

Architecture 221

Architecture Latency Servers Website 221

InfoQ

APRIL 15, 2024

At the QCon London 2024 conference, Félix GV from LinkedIn discussed the AI/ML platform powering the company’s products. He specifically delved into Venice DB, the NoSQL data store used for feature persistence. The presenter shared the lessons learned from evolving and operating the platform, including cluster management and library versioning.

Artificial Intelligence 106

Artificial Intelligence Big Data Data Engineering Latency 106

All Things Distributed

DECEMBER 5, 2010

There is more than one Werner Vogels in this world and although I never get emails, snail mail or phones calls for any of my peers, I am sure they are somewhat frustrated if they type in our name in a search engine :-). This achieves very low-latency for queries which is crucial for the overall performance of internet applications.

Cloud 117

Cloud Internet Internet AWS 117

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 18, 2022

Motivation With the rapid growth in Netflix member base and the increasing complexity of our systems, our architecture has evolved into an asynchronous one that enables both online and offline computation. Personalized Experience Refresh Netflix Recommendation engine continuously refreshes recommendations for every member.

Systems 334

Systems Traffic Architecture Mobile 334