Adrian Cockcroft

JANUARY 29, 2023

The mean and percentile measurements hide this structure, but the rest of this post will show how the structure can be measured and analyzed so that you can figure out a useful model of your system, understand what is driving the long tail of latencies and come up with better SLAs and measures of capacity.

Lambda 98

Lambda Latency Cache C++ 98

The Netflix TechBlog

JANUARY 10, 2024

Future blogs will provide deeper dives into each service, sharing insights and lessons learned from this process. The Netflix video processing pipeline went live with the launch of our streaming service in 2007. The Netflix video processing pipeline went live with the launch of our streaming service in 2007.

Processing 229

Processing Media Latency Innovation 229

Brendan Gregg

JULY 2, 2021

E.g., to see process execution with timestamps using execsnoop(8): # execsnoop-bpfcc -T. Low frequency events such as process execution should be negligible to capture. Here are the top ten tools you can run and present as a generic BPF observability dashboard, along with suggested visualizations: Tool Shows Visualization.

Latency 145

Latency Cache Energy Systems 145

CSS Wizardry

OCTOBER 16, 2023

In this post, I’m going to break these processes down into each of: ? Plotted on the same horizontal axis of 1.6s, the waterfalls speak for themselves: 201ms of cumulative latency; 109ms of cumulative download. 4,362ms of cumulative latency; 240ms of cumulative download. Read the complete test methodology. It gets worse.

Cache 291

Cache Latency Strategy Speed 291

The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 13, 2023

Our previous blog post presented replay traffic testing — a crucial instrument in our toolkit that allows us to implement these transformations with precision and reliability. A process that doesn’t just minimize risk, but also facilitates a continuous evaluation of the rollout’s impact.

Traffic 279

Traffic Metrics Systems Strategy 279

Smashing Magazine

AUGUST 20, 2021

Jamstack CMS: The Past, The Present and The Future. Jamstack CMS: The Past, The Present and The Future. However, unlike the early days of the web, static sites are no longer limited to developers working in a code editor. The benefit of doing this is the entire site’s source code can live in Git. Mike Neumegen.

Ecommerce 139

Ecommerce Website Government Internet 139

CSS - Tricks

JULY 25, 2019

Lighthouse records metrics from the browser, applies a scoring model to them, and presents an overall performance score. Estimated Input Latency. This process works by obtaining mobile 75th and 95th percentiles from HTTP Archive , then applying a log normal function. Estimated Input Latency. In PageSpeed 5.0, Speed Index.

Google 71

Google Engineering Speed Mobile 71

Dynatrace

MAY 21, 2024

Observability data presents executives with new opportunities to achieve this, by creating incremental value for cloud modernization , improved business analytics , and enhanced customer experience. With the latest advances from Dynatrace, this process is instantaneous.

Technology 130

Technology Technology Analytics Storage 130

Brendan Gregg

JULY 2, 2021

While basic, I've solved many perf issues with this tool alone, including for misconfigured systems where a shell script is launching failing processes in a loop, and when some minor application is crashing and is restarting every few minutes but has not yet been noticed. ## 2. execsnoop New processes (via exec(2)) table 2. acpid [.]

Open Source 40

Open Source Latency Cache Energy 40

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 1, 2021

It supports both high throughput services that consume hundreds of thousands of CPUs at a time, and latency-sensitive workloads where humans are waiting for the results of a computation. Local development tools including specialized test runners, code generators, and a command line interface. Productivity?—?Local Delivery?—?A

Serverless 228

Serverless Media Latency Social Media 228

Scalegrid

MARCH 14, 2024

Effective hybrid cloud management requires robust tools and techniques for centralized administration, policy enforcement, cost management, and modern infrastructure practices like Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC) and containers. It should offer user-friendly operation. Capabilities for handling diverse data management functions are necessary.

Strategy 130

Strategy Cloud Artificial Intelligence Infrastructure 130

KeyCDN

SEPTEMBER 12, 2019

An easy way to compress images is with our image processing service that happens to also be fully integrated into our existing network. This is useful if you want to store optimized images instead of using a real-time image processing service. Below is an example of the code for a Summary Card with Large Image.

Social Media 106

Social Media Media Google Website 106

Brendan Gregg

AUGUST 29, 2021

Problem Statement The microservice managed and processed large files, including encrypting them and then storing them on S3. biolatency From [bcc], this eBPF tool shows a latency histogram of disk I/O. The developers can also rework the code with the memory constraint in mind to improve performance (e.g., Hit Ctrl-C to end. ^C

Cache 40

Cache C++ AWS Systems 40

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 3, 2021

When we process a request it is often beneficial to know which fields the caller is interested in and which ones they ignore. Remote calls are never free; they impose extra latency, increase probability of an error, and consume network bandwidth. FieldMask is a protobuf message. Our protobuf message definition (.proto

Design 245

Design Java Efficiency Code 245

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 9, 2021

In the process, we changed end-to-end identity propagation within the network of services to use a cryptographically-verifiable token-agnostic identity object. We would need to process authentication tokens (and protocols) further upstream. EAS also covers the read-only processing of tokens to create Passports (more on that later).

Architecture 221

Architecture Latency Servers Website 221

Sutter's Mill

FEBRUARY 13, 2017

Tue-Thu Apr 25-27: High-Performance and Low-Latency C++ (Stockholm). On April 25-27, I’ll be in Stockholm (Kista) giving a three-day seminar on “High-Performance and Low-Latency C++.” If you’re interested in attending, please check out the links, and I look forward to meeting and re-meeting many of you there.

Latency 51

Latency C++ Hardware Performance 51

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 20, 2019

Today we are excited to announce latency heatmaps and improved container support for our on-host monitoring solution?—?Vector?—?to Remotely view real-time process scheduler latency and tcp throughput with Vector and eBPF What is Vector? to the broader community. Vector is open source and in use by multiple companies.

Performance 211

Performance Latency Open Source Metrics 211

The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 27, 2020

Usually Data scientists and engineers write Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) jobs and pipelines using big data compute technologies, like Spark or Presto , to process this data and periodically compute key information for a member or a video. The processed data is typically stored as data warehouse tables in AWS S3.

Latency 243

Latency Storage Big Data Tuning 243

The Netflix TechBlog

AUGUST 29, 2023

For Inter-Process Communication (IPC) between services, we needed the rich feature set that a mid-tier load balancer typically provides. Eureka and Ribbon presented a simple but powerful interface, which made adopting them easy. There is a downside to fetching this data on-demand: this adds latency to the first request to a cluster.

Traffic 220

Traffic Latency Cloud C++ 220

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 9, 2021

Introduction and account creation Highlight our value propositions and begin the account creation process. When we merge these two concepts together and present them to the customer, we have the plan selection page (shown above). Given the flow and mode, the Orchestration Service can then process the request.

Engineering 142

Engineering Scalability Architecture Innovation 142

Dynatrace

APRIL 6, 2022

Not just infrastructure connections, but the relationships and dependencies between containers, microservices , and code at all network layers. Observability can identify the baseline user experience and allow teams to improve it by optimizing page load times or reducing latency. Why full-stack observability matters.

DevOps 229

DevOps Innovation Infrastructure Analytics 229

Brendan Gregg

SEPTEMBER 25, 2021

A Cassandra database cluster had switched to Ubuntu and noticed write latency increased by over 30%. What about short-lived processes, like a service restarting in a loop? Without NMI, some kernel code paths (interrupts disabled) can't be profiled. What on Earth is Ubuntu doing that results in 30% higher CPU time!? in total.

Speed 126

Speed Java AWS Virtualization 126

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 13, 2020

SVT-AV1 codebase status The SVT-AV1 repository includes both an AV1 encoder and decoder, which share a significant amount of the code. SVT-AV1 also includes extensive documentation on the encoder design targeted to facilitate the onboarding process for new developers.

Open Source 154

Open Source Efficiency C++ Speed 154

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 9, 2021

We need to be able to easily determine what imagery is present for a given platform, region, and language. Server-generated assets, since client-side generation would require the retrieval of many individual images, which would increase latency and time-to-render. First, the fields can be coded by hand.

Engineering 165

Engineering Storage Latency Entertainment 165

Dynatrace

DECEMBER 22, 2021

Metrics are measures of critical system values, such as CPU utilization or average write latency to persistent storage. A platform approach, on the other hand, presents a more effective option for understanding observability as a whole. In this case, the best option may be to stop the process and execute it when system load is low.

Artificial Intelligence 176

Artificial Intelligence Metrics Architecture DevOps 176

Smashing Magazine

AUGUST 3, 2023

However, achieving a good LCP score is often a multi-faceted process that involves optimizing several stages of loading and rendering. HTML Processing Once a web page’s HTML file has been downloaded, the browser begins to process the contents line by line, translating code into the visual website that users interact with.

Performance 74

Performance Cache Traffic Metrics 74

The Netflix TechBlog

DECEMBER 17, 2019

Nonetheless, we found a number of limitations that could not satisfy our requirements e.g. stalling the processing of log events until a dump is complete, missing ability to trigger dumps on demand, or implementations that block write traffic by using table locks. Some of DBLog’s features are: Processes captured log events in-order.

Database 212

Database Traffic Transportation Open Source 212

John McCalpin

APRIL 2, 2020

This was a keynote presentation at the “2nd International Workshop on Performance Modeling: Methods and Applications” (PMMA16), June 23, 2016, Frankfurt, Germany (in conjunction with ISC16 ). This data is from the 2007 presentation.

Benchmarking 59

Benchmarking Performance Latency Architecture 59

Smashing Magazine

MAY 16, 2022

Examples of non-timing information you could send: HTTP Response status code, regions, request ids, etc. This is how they offer drop-in monitoring of all requests being made without us needing to change our code to monitor a request. Code used to monitor resources (fetch, XHR, images, stylesheets, scripts, HTML, etc.)

Servers 93

Servers Monitoring Cache Network 93

Alex Russell

NOVEMBER 6, 2013

And sneakily it sort of doesn’t look like code. Nothing about this process is technical from the perspective of the user. The code to do all of this would be daunting, and you’d never get everyone bought off on the same conventions unless the system provided some. Things those people want. Let that really sink in.

Engineering 40

Engineering Technology Technology Systems 40

The Netflix TechBlog

DECEMBER 17, 2019

Nonetheless, we found a number of limitations that could not satisfy our requirements e.g. stalling the processing of log events until a dump is complete, missing ability to trigger dumps on demand, or implementations that block write traffic by using table locks. Some of DBLog’s features are: Processes captured log events in-order.

Database 197

Database Traffic Transportation Open Source 197

Adrian Cockcroft

JANUARY 20, 2023

switches to connect processing nodes, pooled memory and I/O resources into very large coherent fabrics within a rack, and use Ethernet between racks. I have always been particularly interested in the interconnects and protocols used to create clusters, and the latency and bandwidth of the various offerings that are available.

Architecture 52

Architecture Latency Benchmarking AWS 52

Dotcom-Montior

MAY 12, 2020

Websites are now more than just the storage and retrieval of information to present content to users. A request will be sent from the client-side and an HTTP check waits on the server port to get the message, process it, and then send back the response. Network latency. Processing and generating the response. Wi-Fi usage.

Monitoring 63

Monitoring Entertainment Hardware Latency 63

Percona

MAY 15, 2023

In both cases, when using virtually-synchronous replication, the process will require certification from each node and local (by node) write; as such, the number of writes is NOT distributed across multiple nodes but duplicated. In short, any data that is written must be consistent with the data present. UUID(), ?, ?,

Traffic 127

Traffic Scalability Database Servers 127

The Morning Paper

JULY 7, 2019

Previously on The Morning Paper we’ve looked at the spread of machine learning through Facebook and Google and some of the lessons learned together with processes and tools to address the challenges arising. A general process. The generic machine learning process looks like this: ( Enlarge ). ICSE’19.

Software Engineering 92

Software Engineering Engineering Software Software 92

The Morning Paper

NOVEMBER 8, 2020

USENIX is a nonprofit organisation committed to making content and research freely available – both conference proceedings and the recorded presentations of their events. That’s not just theoretical, Facebook actually did this in production while Delos was processing over 1.8 billion transactions per day. The NativeLoglet.

Virtualization 126

Virtualization Latency Storage Systems 126

The Agile Manager

JULY 29, 2007

This presents both a dilemma and a competitive opportunity for companies today. While the systems and solutions it produces might automate tasks of the business, not to mention allow for complex tasks not otherwise practical to be manually executed, the production of those systems is a people-centric process.

Government 40

Government Open Source Latency Code 40