The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 24, 2021

By Xiaomei Liu , Rosanna Lee , Cyril Concolato Introduction Behind the scenes of the beloved Netflix streaming service and content, there are many technology innovations in media processing. Packaging has always been an important step in media processing. Uploading and downloading data always come with a penalty, namely latency.

Cloud 237

Cloud Media Storage Cache 237

Scalegrid

MARCH 28, 2024

Introduction Caching serves a dual purpose in web development – speeding up client requests and reducing server load. Redis Data Types and Structures The design of Redis’s data structures emphasizes versatility. It is designed to cache plain text values, offering fast read and write access to frequently accessed data.

Cache 130

Cache Storage Scalability Architecture 130

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 3, 2022

We introduce a caching mechanism in the API gateway layer, allowing us to offload processing from singleton leader elected controllers without giving up strict data consistency and guarantees clients observe. cell): Titus Job Coordinator is a leader elected process managing the active state of the system.

Cache 224

Cache Latency Traffic Systems 224

Dynatrace

OCTOBER 4, 2022

A data lakehouse features the flexibility and cost-efficiency of a data lake with the contextual and high-speed querying capabilities of a data warehouse. However, organizations must structure and store data inputs in a specific format to enable extract, transform, and load processes, and efficiently query this data. Data management.

Artificial Intelligence 214

Artificial Intelligence Storage Analytics Government 214

Dynatrace

FEBRUARY 24, 2021

Cloud-native environments bring speed and agility to software development and operations (DevOps) practices. But with that speed and agility comes new complications and complexity, all while maintaining performance and reliability with less than 1% down-time per year. Both practices live by the same overarching tenets.

DevOps 191

DevOps Software Engineering Speed Google 191

Dynatrace

SEPTEMBER 13, 2023

This is a set of best practices and guidelines that help you design and operate reliable, secure, efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable systems in the cloud. This process enables you to continuously evaluate software against predefined quality criteria and service level objectives (SLOs) in pre-production environments.

AWS 252

AWS Efficiency Azure Cloud 252

Dynatrace

JANUARY 18, 2023

However, getting reliable answers from observability data so teams can automate more processes to ensure speed, quality, and reliability can be challenging. This drive for speed has a cost: 22% of leaders admit they’re under so much pressure to innovate faster that they must sacrifice code quality.

DevOps 203

DevOps Best Practices Innovation Strategy 203

Percona

NOVEMBER 3, 2023

About the cluster Following a step-by-step process, the objective is to create a four-node cluster consisting of: PostgreSQL version 15 Citus extension (I’ll be using version 11, but there are newer ones available.) In order to speed up the benchmark indexes must be added. psql pgbench <<_eof1_ qecho adding node citus3.

Database 102

Database Benchmarking Latency C++ 102

Dynatrace

DECEMBER 15, 2022

This transition to public, private, and hybrid cloud is driving organizations to automate and virtualize IT operations to lower costs and optimize cloud processes and systems. This includes response time, accuracy, speed, throughput, uptime, CPU utilization, and latency. So, what is ITOps? How does ITOps create business value?

Artificial Intelligence 208

Artificial Intelligence DevOps Hardware Virtualization 208

Dynatrace

JANUARY 31, 2024

The rise of data observability in DevOps Data forms the foundation of decision-making processes in companies across the globe. For DevOps teams that inform deployment strategies, optimize processes, and drive continuous improvement, the integrity and timeliness of data are of significant importance.

DevOps 198

DevOps Analytics Airlines Metrics 198

All Things Distributed

JUNE 21, 2017

Today, I'm excited to announce the general availability of Amazon DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) , a fully managed, highly available, in-memory cache that can speed up DynamoDB response times from milliseconds to microseconds, even at millions of requests per second. Saving crucial milliseconds. It's also time consuming and costly.

Speed 121

Speed Cache Latency AWS 121

Brendan Gregg

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

My personal opinion is that I don't see a widespread need for more capacity given horizontal scaling and servers that can already exceed 1 Tbyte of DRAM; bandwidth is also helpful, but I'd be concerned about the increased latency for adding a hop to more memory. Ford, et al., “TCP

Performance 110

Performance Latency Cache Virtualization 110

Dynatrace

FEBRUARY 2, 2022

service availability with <50ms latency for an application with no revenue impact. A broken SLO with no owner can take longer to remediate and is more likely to recur compared to an SLO with an owner and a well-defined remediation process. To avoid this, start the SLO discussion early in the design process.

DevOps 202

DevOps Metrics Best Practices Latency 202

Percona

MARCH 29, 2023

Snappy compression is designed to be fast and efficient regarding memory usage, making it a good fit for MongoDB workloads. By default, MongoDB provides a snappy block compression method for storage and network communication. Snappy is a compression library developed by Google. provides higher compression rates.

Storage 105

Storage Network Open Source Latency 105

Scalegrid

MARCH 14, 2024

Defining Hybrid Cloud Strategy The decision-making process about where to situate data and applications is vital to any hybrid cloud solution. This consistency aids not only in application deployment but also simplifies scaling processes. In hybrid cloud configurations, containers can achieve lightweight, portable runtime environments.

Strategy 130

Strategy Cloud Artificial Intelligence Infrastructure 130

Scalegrid

JANUARY 12, 2024

In the realm of cloud-based business operations, there is an increasing dependence on complex information processing patterns. High availability storage options within the context of cloud computing involve highly adaptable storage solutions specifically designed for storing vast amounts of data while providing easy access to it.

Cloud 130

Cloud Virtualization Storage Efficiency 130

Dynatrace

JANUARY 13, 2022

Real user monitoring (RUM) is a performance monitoring process that collects detailed data about a user’s interaction with an application. For example, data collected on load actions can include navigation start, request start, and speed index metrics. Real user monitoring collects data on a variety of metrics.

Monitoring 184

Monitoring Latency Mobile Best Practices 184

The Morning Paper

JANUARY 30, 2020

Edge servers are the middle ground – more compute power than a mobile device, but with latency of just a few ms. The current system assumes an application specific regression model is available on the servers which can predict processing time given the current parameters of the job (e.g.

Mobile 104

Mobile Cloud Latency Games 104

Dynatrace

DECEMBER 2, 2021

And why have SLOs and SLIs become so important as teams automate processes to consistently meet SLAs and error budgets? As defined by Gartner , service-level objectives are an agreed-upon target within an SLA that must be achieved for each activity, function, and process to provide the best opportunity for customer success.

Metrics 196

Metrics Best Practices DevOps Infrastructure 196

The Morning Paper

NOVEMBER 10, 2019

It’s been clear for a while that software designed explicitly for the data center environment will increasingly want/need to make different design trade-offs to e.g. general-purpose systems software that you might install on your own machines. The desire for CPU efficiency and lower latencies is easy to understand.

Network 92

Network Transportation Latency Entertainment 92

KeyCDN

FEBRUARY 14, 2019

Let’s cover some ways to speed up GIF animations on your website and look at some alternative formats that you should consider. Why Speed Up GIF Animations? Fortunately, there are plenty of free editing tools that streamline the process. You should also think about supporting newer formats like WebP.

Speed 50

Speed Website Latency Cache 50

The Morning Paper

FEBRUARY 6, 2020

’ Stateless is fine until you need state, at which point the coarse-grained solutions offered by current platforms limit the kinds of application designs that work well. On the Cloudburst design teams’ wish list: A running function’s ‘hot’ data should be kept physically nearby for low-latency access.

Lambda 98

Lambda Serverless Cache Latency 98

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 13, 2020

Compared to the most recent master version of libaom (AV1 reference software), SVT-AV1 is similar in compression efficiency and at the same time achieves significantly lower encoding latency on multi-core platforms when using its inherent parallelization capabilities. The testing has been performed on Windows, Linux, and macOS platforms.

Open Source 154

Open Source Efficiency C++ Speed 154

Alex Russell

FEBRUARY 28, 2022

I propose four key ingredients: Definition: What is "performance" beyond page speed? Input is received and processed. The chief effect of the architectural difference is to shift the distribution of latency within the loop. Improving latency for one scenario can degrade it in another. What are its goals?

Performance 104

Performance Latency Architecture Network 104

Smashing Magazine

AUGUST 3, 2023

These pages serve as a pivotal tool in our digital marketing strategy, not only providing valuable information about our services but also designed to be easily discoverable through search engines. Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) LCP measures the perceived load speed of a webpage from a user’s perspective. SEO is key to our success.

Performance 74

Performance Cache Traffic Metrics 74

Adrian Cockcroft

JANUARY 20, 2023

switches to connect processing nodes, pooled memory and I/O resources into very large coherent fabrics within a rack, and use Ethernet between racks. The emergence of chiplet technology also allows higher performance and integration without having to design every chip from scratch. Next generation architectures will use CXL3.0

Architecture 52

Architecture Latency Benchmarking AWS 52

High Scalability

JULY 20, 2018

jaybo_nomad : The Allen Institute for Brain Science is in the process of imaging 1 cubic mm of mouse visual cortex using TEM at a resolution of 4nm per pixel. paulddraper : The biggest lesson HN teaches for designing large scale systems is "use a large scale system someone else has already designed". They are very expensive.

Internet 121

Internet Internet Scalability Automotive 121

Brendan Gregg

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

My personal opinion is that I don't see a widespread need for more capacity given horizontal scaling and servers that can already exceed 1 Tbyte of DRAM; bandwidth is also helpful, but I'd be concerned about the increased latency for adding a hop to more memory. Ford, et al., “TCP

Performance 52

Performance Latency Cache Virtualization 52

The Morning Paper

MAY 19, 2019

Last week we learned about the [increased tail-latency sensitivity of microservices based applications with high RPC fan-outs. Seer uses estimates of queue depths to mitigate latency spikes on the order of 10-100ms, in conjunction with a cluster manager. So what we have here is a glimpse of the limits for low-latency RPCs under load.

Latency 80

Latency Hardware Network Architecture 80

Particular Software

SEPTEMBER 20, 2021

Sometimes developers only care about speed. Some will claim that any type of RPC communication ends up being faster (meaning it has lower latency) than any equivalent invocation using asynchronous messaging. But to be fair, we also have to process the messages on the server before we can consider the messaging case to be complete.

Benchmarking 97

Benchmarking Latency Servers Systems 97

Alex Russell

DECEMBER 18, 2022

We're burning our inheritance and polluting the ecosystem on shockingly thin, perniciously marketed claims of "speed" and "agility" and "better UX" that have not panned out at all. Speeds will be much slower than advertised in many areas , particularly for rural users. 2-4 CPU cores. 4GB RAM or less.

Performance 113

Performance Network Mobile Latency 113

Alex Russell

JANUARY 30, 2024

HTML, CSS, images, and fonts can all be parsed and run at near wire speeds on low-end hardware, but JavaScript is at least three times more expensive, byte-for-byte. Engineering is the discipline of designing solutions under specific constraints. That's where the good news ends.

Performance 90

Performance Network Mobile Speed 90

IO River

NOVEMBER 2, 2023

This type of traffic originates directly from the server, making it more challenging to handle due to latency and server load considerations; it’s hard but not impossible. Statistics reveal that a 1% improvement in latency can lead to a 3% increase in viewer engagement, highlighting its significance in live content delivery.3.

Architecture 52

Architecture Performance Internet Internet 52

CSS Wizardry

MARCH 3, 2019

If, however, there wasn’t a new file on the server, we’ll bring back a 304 header, no new file, but an entire roundtrip of latency. We can completely cut out the overhead of a roundtrip of latency. On high latency connections, this saving could be tangible. What do we mean by a mutable or immutable file? FAQs Page.

Cache 264

Cache Latency Strategy Servers 264

The Morning Paper

MARCH 3, 2020

It takes you through the thinking processes and engineering practices behind the design of a key part of the control plane for AWS Elastic Block Storage (EBS): the Physalia database that stores configuration information. This work is latency critical, because volume IO is blocked until it is complete. NSDI’20.

Database 106

Database AWS Network Design 106

Alex Russell

MAY 9, 2022

This is a complex topic, but to borrow from a recent post , web performance expands access to information and services by reducing latency and variance across interactions in a session, with a particular focus on the tail of the distribution (P75+). Consistent performance matters just as much as low average latency.

Performance 86

Performance Latency Metrics Engineering 86

IO River

NOVEMBER 2, 2023

This type of traffic originates directly from the server, making it more challenging to handle due to latency and server load considerations; it’s hard but not impossible. Statistics reveal that a 1% improvement in latency can lead to a 3% increase in viewer engagement, highlighting its significance in live content delivery.3.

Architecture 52

Architecture Performance Internet Internet 52